From Individuals to Teams: A Conceptual Model for Group Behavior Integration in Industry 5.0

In Industry 5.0 environments, integrating human behavior models into scheduling and planning is essential. However, most research in this field focuses on individual modeling, overlooking the significant influence of group dynamics. Beyond isolated interactions, collective decisionmaking and team behaviors shape system performance, especially when deploying collaborative technologies such as Autonomous Intelligent Vehicles (AIVs) and smart information systems. This paper proposes a conceptual model that incorporates group behaviors into scheduling frameworks, shifting from purely operational goals toward more human-centric, adaptive approaches. By aligning production planning with human needs and behaviors, we advance sustainable, worker-friendly solutions that enhance efficiency, safety, and flexibility, paving the way toward human-centric scheduling and production management.